一,介绍SVN
SVN是Subversion的简称,是一个开放源代码的版本控制系统,相较于RCS、CVS,它采用了分支管理系统,它的设计目标就是取代CVS。互联网上很多版本控制服务已从CVS迁移到Subversion。说得简单一点SVN就是用于多个人共同开发同一个项目,共用资源的目的。 ----百度百科
二,安装SV
官网下载: http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html
SVN客户端TortoiseSVN :https://tortoisesvn.net/downloads.html
1,yum install subversion安装
1 | [root@localhost conf] # yum install subversion |
2,修改svn仓库参数
1 2 3 |
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3,新建一个测试仓库
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 |
[root@localhost svn] # ll /svn/svndir/ total 24 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 28 18:12 conf drwxr-sr-x. 6 root root 4096 Jul 28 18:12 db -r--r--r--. 1 root root 2 Jul 28 18:12 format drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 28 18:12 hooks drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 28 18:12 locks -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 229 Jul 28 18:12 README.txt |
以下关于目录的说明:
hooks目录:放置hook脚步文件的目录
locks目录:用来放置subversion的db锁文件和db_logs锁文件的目录,用来追踪存取文件库的客户端
format目录:是一个文本文件,里边只放了一个整数,表示当前文件库配置的版本号
conf目录:是这个仓库配置文件(仓库用户访问账户,权限)
4,配置SVN服务的配置文件svnserver.conf:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 | [root@localhost conf] # vim svnserve.conf ### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you ### use it to allow access to this repository. (If you only allow ### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is ### irrelevant.) ### Visit http://subversion.tigris.org/ for more information. [general] ### These options control access to the repository for unauthenticated ### and authenticated users. Valid values are "write", "read", ### and "none". The sample settings below are the defaults. anon-access = none ##注意前边不要有空格,要顶齐 auth-access = write ##注意前边不要有空格,要顶齐 ### The password-db option controls the location of the password ### database file. Unless you specify a path starting with a /, ### the file's location is relative to the directory containing ### this configuration file. ### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used. ### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file. password-db = passwd ##注意前边不要有空格,要顶齐 ### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization ### rules for path-based access control. Unless you specify a path ### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the ### directory containing this file. If you don't specify an ### authz-db, no path-based access control is done. ### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file. authz-db = authz ### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository. ### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should ### have the same password database, and vice versa. The default realm ### is repository's uuid. realm = This is My First Test Repository ##这个是提示信息 [sasl] ### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL ### library for authentication. Default is false. ### This section will be ignored if svnserve is not built with Cyrus ### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line ### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.' # use-sasl = true ### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer ### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means ### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated ### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit ### encryption). The values below are the defaults. # min-encryption = 0 # max-encryption = 256 |
5,配置访问用户及密码
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | [root@localhost conf] # vim passwd ### This file is an example password file for svnserve. ### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the ### example below it contains one section labelled [users]. ### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line. [ users ] # harry = harryssecret # sally = sallyssecret lqb = lqb123456 test1 = 123456 test2 = 654321 |
6,配置新用户的授权文件
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 | [root@localhost conf] # vim authz ### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve. ### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization ### files. ### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and ### (optional) repository specified by the section name. ### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to: ### - a single user, ### - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section, ### - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section, ### - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token, ### - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token, ### - anyone, using the '*' wildcard. ### ### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can ### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access ### (''). [aliases] # joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average [ groups ] # harry_and_sally = harry,sally # harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe # [/foo/bar] # harry = rw # &joe = r # * = # [repository:/baz/fuz] # @harry_and_sally = rw # * = r admin = lqb,test2 user = test1 [ /svn/test/ ]
@user = r |
备注:
admin = lqb,test2 创建admin组,组成员为:lqb,test2
user = test1 创建用户组,用户成员:test1
[test:/] 赋予根权限,为了便于管理和权限的控制,可以把权限细化到版本库中相应的目录
@admin = rw admin组有读写的权限
@user = r user组只有读的权限
*= 表示除了上面设置的权限用户组以外,其他所有用户都设置空权限,空权限表示禁止访问本目录,这很重要一定要加上。
备注:版本库的目录格式如下:
[<版本库>:/项目/目录]
@<用户组名> = 权限
<用户名> = 权限
其中[]內容有許多写法:
[/],表示根目录及其一下的路径,根目录是svnserver启动时指定好的,上述实例中我们指定为:/svn/svndata([/]=/svn/svndata).[/]就是表示对全部版本设置的权限
[test:/],表示对版本库test设置权限;
[test:/svnadmin],表示对版本库test中的svnadmin项目设置权限;
[test:/svnadmin/second],表示对版本库test中的svnadmin项目的目录设置权限;
权限的主体可以是用户组,用户或者*,用户组在前面要以@开头,*表示全部用户
权限分为:r ,w, rw和null ,null空表示没有任何权限。
auhtz配置文件中的每个参数,开头不能有空格,对于组要以@开头,用户不需要。
7,启动svn服务
# svnserve -d -r /home/svn 注意:如果修改了svn配置,需要重启svn服务,步骤如下: # ps -aux|grep svnserve # kill -9 ID号 # svnserve -d -r /home/svn
注意:更改svnserver.conf时需要重启SVN服务,更改authz,passwd文件时则不需要重启服务
8,客户端测试
2,在Linux使用如下命令行:
1 2 3 4 | [root@localhost conf] # svn co svn://192.168.200.200/test A test /工作文档.txt.bak A test /soft Checked out revision 2. |
如果失败的话,基本上可以断定authz文件的配置有问题,可以修改下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 | admin = lqb,test2 user = test1 [/] @admin = rw @user = r * = ###表示除了上面设置的权限用户组以外,其他所有用户都设置空权限,空权限表示禁止访问本目录 |
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